Actual Volume of Fuel (\( FVa \)):

\[ FVa = \frac{Vf}{\xi_t} \]

Where:

• \( FVa \) is the actual volume of fuel, in liters per hour (lph).
• \( Vf \) is the theoretical volume of fuel, in liters per hour (lph).
• \( \xi_t \) is the thermal efficiency, expressed as a decimal.