Air Flow Rate (\( AFR \)):

\[ AFR = FCR \cdot SA \cdot e \]

Where:

• \( AFR \) is the air flow rate, in kilograms per hour (kg/hr).
• \( FCR \) is the fuel consumption rate, in kilograms per hour (kg/hr).
• \( SA \) is the stoichiometric air, in kilograms of air per kilogram of fuel (kg air/kg fuel).
• \( e \) is the equivalence ratio, typically between 0.3 and 0.4.