Jet Speed (\( V_j \)):

\[ V_j = C_v \sqrt{2 g H} \]

Where:

• \( V_j \) is the jet speed, in meters per second (m/s).
• \( C_v \) is the nozzle coefficient of velocity, typically ranging from 0.9 to 0.97.
• \( g \) is the gravitational acceleration, typically \( 9 \, \text{m/s}^2 \).
• \( H \) is the head, in meters (m).